60 M with hydrocele associated with Anemia

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I have been given this case to solve in an attempt to understand the topic of " patient clinical data analysis" to develop my competency in reading and comprehending clinical data including history, clinical findings, investigations and come up with diagnosis and treatment

A 60 year old male resident of suryapet district came to opd with chief complaints of swelling in scrotum since 15 years and blood in urine since 2 months

History of presenting illness:

Patient was apparently asymptomatic 15 years back then he developed swelling in the scrotum after trauma(while lifting the lorry back door, he slipped and got injured during this) the swelling was sudden in onset gradually progressive painless( the reason why he ignored the swelling) not associated with any relieving and aggravating factor 

Patient was apparently asymptomatic 2 months back. Then he noticed blood in urine, which  was insidious in onset gradually progressive also he has increased frequeny of urine which was increased during night almost every 20-25 minutes. The urine was red in colourtg the following thing was observed by the patient During urination patient first passes red colour urine and then the urine stops for a few seconds then later he passes black coloured clots with burning sensation.

No H/O fever, cough and cold.

No H/o orthopnea and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.

No H/O nausea, vomiting, loose stools and constipation.

No H/O abdominal distension, abdominal pain.

PAST HISTORY:

history of hydrocele 15 years back as mentioned above

In 2019 his wife got a swelling in the post auricular region for which be came to our hospital

Then he also went for checkup for the swelling in scrotum where our doctors diagnosed it as hydrocele. And suggested to have surgery to be done for it. But he refused to it because he has no money for surgery at that time and his wife just got treated.

During corona time, he again visited our hospital with sufficient money( given by his son). But it was very difficult to do surgery at that time because of high wave period of corona patients in the hospital. Then he went back to his village.

He has 3 daughters and one son, all are married and lives at different places except his son who lives in the same village.

Due to issues between him and his son in law family A case was filed against him and then due to this the management removed him from his job.

From then he was staying at home with no specific job, but went to some contracted works in farming fields.

No H/O HTN, diabetes, asthma, epilepsy, TB.

No H/O any past surgery.

H/O fracture of left humerus at distal end, when he was 20 years old, while cutting a tree. Then he got treated for it with reduction and plaster of Paris. But the treatment Resulted in malunuion

PERSONAL HISTORY:

Appetite: normal

Sleep: inadequate

Bowel and bladder: regular

Addictions: alcohol intake 90ml per day since 38 years stopped since 2 months.

 Smoking daily 10 beedi(2 days 1 packet) from 38 years, stopped from 2 months.

Daily schedule :

Wake up at 6 am 

Breakfast(idli/ dosa)

work if any or rest

12PM lunch (Rice+ curry( veg/ non veg)+ dal )

Afternoon rest

Evening walking and talking with his neighbours

8 pm ( dinner)

10 pm dinner

FAMILY HISTORY:

No significant history.

GENERAL EXAMINATION:

Patient is conscious, coherent, and co-operative. Well oriented to time place and person.

He is moderately built and moderately nourished.

Pallor- present

Icterus: absent

Clubbing: absent

Cyanosis: absent

Lymphadenopathy: absent

No oedema






VITALS:

Temperature- afebrile

Blood pressure- 120/80mm hg

Pulse rate- 96bpm

Respiratory rate- 20cpm

SYSTEMIC EXAMINATION:

Per abdomen: 

On inspection

Shape of abdomen: scaphoid

Umbilicus: inverted

Movements of abdominal wall with respiration

Scars present(Done during childhood)

Swelling in scrotum

No visible peristalsis, pulsations, sinuses, engorged veins.



 


Special test:
Transilluminant test was positive 

On palpation
No local rise of temperature 
Inspectors findings are confirmed
Soft and non tender
No palpable masses
Liver is not palpable
Spleen is not palpable
On percussion:

Resonance note heard

On auscultation:

bowels sounds heard

CVS examination:

Inspection

No raised JVP

No dilated veins, scars or sinuses are seen

Palpation:

Apex beat is felt in the fifth intercoastal space, 1cm medial to the midclavicular line

Auscultation:

S1 S2 heard, no murmurs 

Respiratory examination:

Shape of chest is elliptical, bilaterally symmetrical

B/L airway entry positive

Normal vesicular breath sounds

Trachea appears to be central.

Trachea central in position 

CNS Examination:

Conscious 

Normal speech.

Higher mental functions normal 

Cranial nerves intact

Motor and sensory system also normal

No neurological deficit found.

PROVISIONAL DIAGNOSIS:

Anemia under evaluation

Hematuria

INVESTIGATIONS:
Complete Blood picture:






Blood group: O+ve
Alkaline phosphates levels are elevated
Haemoglobin: 3.6gm%

Final diagnosis:
Severe anemia under evaluation
Hematuria.



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